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- Birth Rate (or Crude Birth Rate)
- The number of live births per 1000
of the mid-year population in a given year.
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- Client (FP)
- A potential or continuing user of a
contraceptive method.
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- Childbearing Years
- The reproductive age span of women,
assumed for statistical purposes to range from 15 to
45 years in the U.S.A. In other countries, the range
is often set at 15 to 49 years (also known as a woman
of reproductive age).
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- Classification System for Contraceptives
(JHPIEGO)
- A classification of family planning
delivery sites by the types of contraceptives they
provide:
- Type I: Pills, condoms,
diaphragms, spermicides and injectables only
- Type II: IUDs, and Norplant
implants (+ Type I services)
- Type III: Voluntary
sterilization (VS) (+ Type I and II
services)
- Community-Based Services
- Reproductive health services
generally provided to rural communities through
mobile facilities, home-visits, and community workers
at fixed distribution points. This approach takes
services to the community and is often linked to a
family planning clinic.
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- Continuing (FP) Users (also known as
Active Users)
- Contraceptive users who continue to
use a family planning method over a specified period
of time.
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- Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (CPR)
- A measure of the extent of
contraceptive use among a defined population group at
a point in time. For population-based statistics, the
numerator and the denominator usually come from
household surveys (with the numerator consisting of
the number of women calculated to be using a
contraceptive in a community or country, including
male-oriented methods, and the denominator usually
consisting of women of reproductive age [sometimes
just married women] in the same community or
country).
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- Couple Years of Protection (CYP)
- A measure representing the total
number of years of contraceptive protection provided
to a country's or community's FP population. For each
contraceptive method, the CYP is calculated by taking
the number of units distributed to FP clients during
a specified period and dividing this number by a
constant representing the number of contraceptive
units needed or estimated to protect one couple from
pregnancy for one year. The value of these constants
are method-specific and are derived from empirical
evidence on the amount of each method used by a
couple during a year.
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- Crude Birth Rate (See Birth Rate)
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- Demography
- The study of human populations,
including size and age/sex composition. Also involves
studies of factors such as fertility, mortality,
migration, nuptiality, etc.
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- Fecundity
- The physiological capacity of a
woman, man, or couple to produce a live child.
(Compare with Fertility.)
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- Fertility
- The actual output of births, as
opposed to the potential output (fecundity).
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- Fertility Rate
- The number of live births per 1000
women of reproductive age in a given year and a given
place.
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- First (FP) Visit (also known as First
[FP] Consultation)
- In some countries, this refers only
to visits during which a method is given out (in
which case, it is equal in number to new FP users);
in others, it refers also to visits during which
counseling about FP is first given but no method is
given out (equal in number to total FP clients).
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- Gravid
- Pregnant.
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- Gravidity
- The total number of pregnancies a
woman has had. (Compare with Parity.)
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- Health Care (Referral) Level
- A classification of facilities
within a health care system, according to the types
of services they provide:
Primary level. Dispensaries,
health posts and MCH/FP clinic. These facilities
provide basic health services, including health
education, simple laboratory tests and treatment.
First referral level.
District hospitals with 20+ beds providing inpatient
services. These hospitals have staff and equipment
necessary to carry out most life-saving surgical and
medical procedures. At the first referral level,
staff usually include at least one physician and few,
if any, medical specialists.
Secondary and tertiary level.
Full-service regional hospitals (secondary level) and
university teaching and specialized national
hospitals (tertiary level). Staff include medical
specialists (obstetricians and gynecologists).
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- Life Expectancy
- The average number of additional
years a person would live if current mortality trends
were to continue.
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- New (FP) Program User (also known as New
[FP] Acceptor)
- Someone who receives family planning
services from an agent of a FP program who has never
received a contraceptive method from a recognized
program before. The essence of a FP services within
the context of a program is that clients are provided
with counseling, physicals and exams (if required)
and followup care, in addition to a method of
contraception.
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- Parity
- The number of live births a woman
has had. A woman of zero parity has had no births, a
woman of parity one has had one live birth, etc.
(Compare with Gravidity.)
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- Reproductive Health
- A state of complete physical, mental
and social well-being and not merely the absence of
disease or infirmity, in all matters relating to the
reproductive system and to its function and
processes.
- Reproductive health therefore
implies that people are able to have a satisfying and
safe sex life and that they have the capability to
reproduce and the freedom to decide if, when and how
often to do so. Implicit in this last condition are
the right of men and women to be informed and to have
access to safe, effective, affordable and acceptable
methods of fertility regulation of their choice, and
the right of access to appropriate health care
services that will enable women to go safely through
pregnancy and childbirth and provide couples with the
best chance of having a healthy infant.
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- Reproductive Health Care
- The constellation of methods,
techniques and services that contribute to
reproductive health and well being through preventing
and solving reproductive health problems. (Source:
World Health Organization 1994)
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- Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
- The average number of children who
would be born to a woman during her life time if she
were to pass through her childbearing years
conforming to the age-specific fertility rates of a
given year.
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